Optical Waveguides Modeling

Optical Waveguides and Fibers[1] M. L. Calvo and V. Lakshminarayanan, Optical Waveguides: From Theory to Applied Technologies, CRC Press; 1 edition (2007).[2] C.-L. Chen, Foundations for Guided-Wave Optics, Wiley-Interscience (2006).[3] R. E. Collin, Field Theory of Guided Waves, IEEE Press-Oxford University Press; 2 edition (1990).[4] N. J. Cronin, Microwave and Optical Waveguides, Taylor & Francis […]

Numerical modeling is of paramount importance for the design and characterization of optical transmission systems, including metro networks, long-haul and ultra long-haul terrestrial and submarine communication systems, wavelength-division multiplexed systems, all-optical networks, soliton systems, and optical interconnects. In system simulators, the properties of individual photonic devices (components) can be modeled at different levels, ranging from […]

Wave propagation techniques are essential components of waveguide and waveguide-based photonic device design. While mode-solving methods are based on the assumption that the guiding structures are uniform in the propagation direction, many practical waveguide configurations, such as tapers, bends and junctions, are actually nonuniform in the longitudinal direction. The analysis of these types of waveguides […]

Modes are the fields that maintain the same transverse distribution and polarization at all distances along the waveguide axis. For a limited number of ideal, simple waveguide configurations, modes and corresponding propagation constants can be found analytically. However, for a majority of realistic waveguides, numerical simulations are essential. Even the waveguides with relatively simple cross-sections […]

Optical waveguides are dielectric structures that transmit electromagnetic waves in the direction parallel to their axis at visible or infrared frequencies. They are fundamental building blocks of many optical systems, including fiber-optic communications links (Fig. 1a), fiber lasers and amplifiers for high-power applications, as well as all-optical photonic integrated circuits (Fig. 1b). Generally, optical waveguides […]

Nonlinear effects can have a significant impact on light propagation in optical fibers. While the nonlinear response of optical fibers is relatively weak, tight confinement of light in a micron-size core together with long propagation distances (100 km and more) result in significant nonlinear interactions. Nonlinear effects can be both advantageous and detrimental for fiber […]

Dispersion refers to any phenomenon in which the velocity of propagation of an electromagnetic wave is wavelength dependent. Therefore, dispersion plays a critical role in many applications that involve short pulse propagation in optical fibers. Owing to dispersion, different frequencies within the pulse spectrum propagate at slightly different velocities along the optical fiber. In the […]

Modes are fields that maintain the same transverse distribution and polarization at all distances along the waveguide axis. They can be regarded as transverse resonances of the fields in the waveguide. Fiber modes can be classified into the bound modes and the radiation modes. Then, the electric and magnetic field vectors can be written as […]

The simplest optical fiber is a dielectric cylindrical waveguide consisting of a central core with a higher refractive index that is surrounded by a cladding with lower refractive index. The cladding is usually enclosed in a protective jacket. We start with a short review of typical parameters of standard telecom fibers and discuss the guiding […]